Abby Epplett, Historian

While musicals are driven by songs with lyrics, as previously described during “The Epigraph” , “The Introduction Song” , and “The Want Song” , instrumentals are equally important for setting the tone during dialogue scenes and moments where characters are silent. Music accompanied film even before the invention of the “talkie”, whether a live organist playing along with the action or a phonograph blasting the tune. In the modern era, film composers are among the best known music writers of their day with the most famous in English-language films including John Williams, Howard Shore, Danny Elfman, and Hans Zimmer. Like many industries, older white men dominate movie music, although recent film adaptations of stage musicals have begun to change this demographic.

During my trip to Philadelphia, PA in late May and early June, I visited the Museum of the American Revolution . This post is the second of two parts about the museum. In my last post, I described the museum’s history, exterior, temporary exhibit, and the tent that started the movement. Today’s post will focus on the permanent exhibit and practical advice for visiting the museum.

During my trip to Philadelphia, PA in late May and early June, I visited the Museum of the American Revolution . Completely unrelated to the American Independence Museum in Exeter, NH that I visited back in 2022 , this organization attempts to provide a comprehensive look at the first successful democratic revolution by incorporating multiple perspectives in thoughtful exhibits housed in a state-of-the-art facility. Do not let the non-profit status fool you; the museum has massive financial backing from an initial capital campaign of almost $175 million, and the budget has been well spent creating the immersive exhibits now expected of modern museums. This post is the first of two parts about the museum, since I spent part of two days there. In this post, I will describe the museum’s history, exterior, temporary exhibit, and the tent that started the movement. The second post will focus on the permanent exhibit and practical advice for visiting the museum.

After the Long-Expected Party — and in the case of the hypothetical animated musical, not long after “The Want Song” — Gandalf joined Bilbo in his house and demanded that his hobbit friend give up the One Ring. Bilbo initially reacted badly, as the ring had gained some control over him, but he eventually left the ring to his ‘nephew’, Frodo, along with most of his worldly possessions. Rings have appeared in fiction throughout world literature, spawning dozens of folkloric motifs and inspiring adaptations of ancient stories for stage and film.

During my trip to Philadelphia, I visited the smallest unit in the National Park System: Thaddeus Kosciuszko National Memorial . Named after a Polish patriot who aided America in the Revolutionary War, the entire park consists of only a few rooms in a three-and-a-half story red brick Georgian style house where Kosciuszko stayed during a brief stint in Philadelphia. Although is not well-known outside of his home country, which attempted to become its own independent nation during his lifetime, he made contributions to revolutions in the United States and Europe.

During my trip to Philadelphia, I visited many smaller historic stops around the city. One stop was Washington Square , a park with multiple memorials, signs, and trees. With plenty of benches and green space, this was a nice spot to rest or have a snack while learning about history. The earliest iteration of the park opened in 1815 as Southeast Square but received its current name in 1825.

During a long weekend in late May and early June, I visited Philadelphia, PA to see historic sites and watch a professional track & field meet. Within  Independence National Historical Park was the American Philosophical Society . This pair of red brick buildings stood near Independence Hall and was founded by Benjamin Franklin in 1743. Since then, the organization has amassed a collection of artifacts mostly out of the public eye except for a small gallery space in Philosophical Hall, which has operated a museum-type space since 1789. The Georgian style buildings have been on the National Register of Historic Places since 1965 .

During a long weekend in late May and early June, I visited Philadelphia, PA to see historic sites and watch a professional track & field meet. This is my fourth and final post about Independence National Historical Park , a part of the United States National Park System (NPS) that focuses on the American Revolutionary War. During this post, I will describe buildings located within the boundaries of the park that I have not yet covered, including City Tavern, Dolley Todd House, Old St. Joseph’s Roman Catholic Church, Free Quaker Meeting House, First Bank, Second Bank, Merchants’ Exchange Building, President’s House Site, Declaration House, and American Pharmaceutical Association.

After many weeks of anticipation, the next song in the animated musical is ready to debut. “The Want Song” is possibly the biggest musical number in the production in terms of length and number of singers. It functions as a foil to “The Introduction Song”, a literary device typically meaning a character who contrasts another character, but in this case, I used it to describe a song that contrasts another song. I have a degree in the field, so I can change words like that. While “The Introduction” juxtaposed a wordy solo by Frodo describing Middle-earth with the ‘rustic’ hobbits talking about their local community, “The Want Song” features solos by all of the major characters appearing in the scene along with a closing section from the wealthy hobbits talking about their desires. These two songs cover the complete range of attitudes about the Shire and its people. Going forward, most songs will be short solos or small groups, although several larger group numbers are slated for ...

During a long weekend in late May and early June, I visited Philadelphia, PA to see historic sites and watch a professional track & field meet. This is my third post about Independence National Historical Park , a part of the United States National Park System (NPS) that focuses on the American Revolutionary War. During this post, I will describe Franklin Court where the house of Benjamin Franklin once stood, art found throughout the park, and a relaxing garden.

During a long weekend in late May and early June, I visited Philadelphia, PA to see historic sites and watch a professional track & field meet. This is my second post about Independence National Historical Park , a part of the United States National Park System (NPS) that focuses on the American Revolutionary War. While I inevitably saw the outside of Independence Hall every day during my trip, I took a special tour inside the building on the first day. This birthplace of American democracy has been on the National Register of Historic Places since 1966 and was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979 .

During a long weekend in late May and early June, I visited Philadelphia, PA to see historic sites and watch a professional track & field meet. This was my third visit to the city but the first time I was able to document the trip thoroughly. For the next few weeks, I will share a fraction of the thousands of photos I took during the trip and describe the history I learned there. The first miniseries within the series focuses on Independence National Historical Park , a part of the United States National Park System (NPS) that focuses on the American Revolutionary War. The famously cracked Liberty Bell and red brick Carpenters’ Hall were two of my earliest stops in the park.

If you were a child in the late 19 th through early 20 th century in England, the Long-Expected Party would be an ideal celebration. For character references, consider the interests of the orphans in The Secret Garden by Frances Hodgson Burnett for the early part of the period, and the Pevensie children in The Chronicles of Narnia by C.S. Lewis for the later part of the period. The main difference between The Lord of the Rings and these other books is that Tolkien intended his work to be for adults but appropriate for children, perhaps allowing his older readers to reminisce about a happy childhood. Ever-youthful Bilbo may stand in for an energetic grandfather or uncle who was quick to tell jokes and generous with his gift giving. The party scene references fun and noisy things that hobbits and children like, including party toys, fireworks, and even an early railroad. This eclectic collection reminds historically minded readers that the Shire was inspired by late Victori...